Visual C#事件与接口编程实例

牐牶芏喑跹c#的朋友对于事件与接口感到迷惑不解,不明白它们之间的关系,下面我就用实例来简单的分析讲解一下。



牐犑录,用event修饰符来代表一个事件,我们要创建一个C#事件必须按以下顺序来扫行:

 

牐1,创建或标识一个代表。比如下例中的



牐爌ublic delegate void dele(); //声明代表,delegate 关键字通知编译器 dele 是一个委托类型

 

牐2,创建一个包含事件处理代表,调用事件处理代表的方法的类,如下例

 

 

牐爌ublic class EventClass1 : IEvents //IEvents,是下面我们要讲一接口

牐爗

牐爌ublic event dele event1;//定义事件成员event1

牐爌ublic void FireEvent() //当事件发生时

牐爗

牐爀vent1(); //调用事件处理

牐爙

牐爙

 

牐燛ventClass1继承接口IEvents,以下后面的EventClass2~4,都是一样。

 

牐3,定义一个或多个把方法连接到事件的类

 

牐4,使用事件

 

牐4.1 定义事件响应方法,如下例中的

 

 

牐營Events id1 = new EventClass1();

 

牐4.2 使用所定义的构造函数创建一个包含事件的对象,如下例中的

 

 

牐爄d1.event1 += new dele(EventFired1);

 

牐4.3 触发事件,如下例中的

 

 

牐爄d1.FireEvent();

 

牐犗旅嫖颐抢纯纯唇涌,我们必须用interface来声明一个接口。接口声明可以声明零个或多个成员。接口的成员必须是方法、属性、事件或索引器。接口不能包含常数、字段、运算符、实例构造函数、析构函数或类型,也不能包含任何种类的静态成员。

 

牐犓有接口成员都隐式地具有 public 访问权限。接口成员声明包含任何修饰符属于编译时错误。具体地说,接口成员包含下列任何修饰符属于编译时错误:abstract、public、protected、internal、private、virtual、override 或 static。更多的信息请看msdn help://MS.VSCC/MS.MSDNVS.2052/csspec/html/vclrfcsharpspec_13_1.htm

 

牐犜谙旅娴睦子中,我们声明IEvents接口,一个方法FireEvent和一个事件event1

 

 

牐爌ublic interface IEvents

牐爗

牐爀vent dele event1; //定义事件

牐爒oid FireEvent();//定义接口

牐爙

 

牐犜诤竺娴腅ventClass1~4类是继承了接口IEvent,因此在这几个类中必须实现上述一个方法和一个事件。下面的实例可以帮助大家更好的理解。

 

牐犝馐且桓黾虻サ膚indows Forms,包含一个textbox,几个labels和一个button,在程序启动时焦点在textbox,捕捉键盘按下事件,除方向键外,我能过接口来触事方向键按下事件。



牐犗旅娴拇码是一个网上常见的例程,大家可以拷贝下来,保存为.cs文件,用CSC编译就行

 

牐牬码如下:

 

 

牐爑sing System;

牐爑sing System.Drawing;

牐爑sing System.Collections;

牐爑sing System.ComponentModel;

牐爑sing System.Windows.Forms;

牐爑sing System.Data;

 

牐爊amespace Events_Interfaces

牐爗

牐爌ublic delegate void dele();//声明代表 delegate 关键字通知编译器 dele 是一个委托类型

牐爌ublic interface IEvents //定义接口IEvents,包含方法FireEvent事件event1

牐爗

牐爀vent dele event1;

牐爒oid FireEvent();

牐爙

牐爌ublic class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form

牐爗

牐爌rivate System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;

牐爌rivate System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;

牐爌rivate System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;

牐爌rivate System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;

牐爌rivate System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;

 

牐爌rivate System.ComponentModel.Container components =null;

 

牐爌ublic Form1()

牐爗

牐營nitializeComponent();

牐爙

 

牐爌rotected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

牐爗

牐爄f( disposing )

牐爗

牐爄f (components != null)

牐爗

牐燾omponents.Dispose();

牐爙

牐爙

牐燽ase.Dispose( disposing );

牐爙

 

牐#region Windows Form Designer generated code

 

牐爌rivate void InitializeComponent()

牐爗

牐爐his.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();

牐爐his.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

牐爐his.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

牐爐his.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

牐爐his.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

牐爐his.SuspendLayout();

 

牐爐his.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 80);

牐爐his.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";

牐爐his.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56,23);

牐爐his.textBox1.TabIndex = 1;

牐爐his.textBox1.Text = "";

牐爐his.textBox1.KeyDown += new System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventHandler(this.Key_Press);

 

牐爐his.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 16);

牐爐his.label1.Name = "label1";

牐爐his.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(256,64);

牐爐his.label1.TabIndex = 0;

牐爐his.label1.Text = "Whenever you use the arrow keys inside the text box, Corresponding events will be" +"fired to display the label appropriately. Have a try!!";

 

牐爐his.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(240, 112);

牐爐his.button1.Name = "button1";

牐爐his.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(48,23);

牐爐his.button1.TabIndex = 3;

牐爐his.button1.Text = "Exit";

牐爐his.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);

牐//

牐// label2

牐//

牐爐his.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 80);

牐爐his.label2.Name = "label2";

牐爐his.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(184,23);

牐爐his.label2.TabIndex = 2;

牐爐his.label2.TextAlign =System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.MiddleCenter;

牐//

牐// label3

牐//

牐爐his.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 104);

牐爐his.label3.Name = "label3";

牐爐his.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64,23);

牐爐his.label3.TabIndex = 4;

牐爐his.label3.TextAlign =System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.MiddleCenter;

牐//

牐// Form1

牐//

牐爐his.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 16);

牐爐his.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292,141);

牐爐his.Controls.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.Control[]{this.label3,this.button1,this.label2,this.textBox1,this.label1});

 

牐爐his.Font= new System.Drawing.Font("Comic燬ansMS",8.25F,System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular,

牐燬ystem.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point,((System.Byte)(0)));

牐爐his.Name = "Form1";

牐爐his.Text = "Events";

牐爐his.ResumeLayout(false);

牐爙

牐#endregion

 

牐爏tatic void Main()

牐爗

牐燗pplication.Run(new Form1());

牐爙

 

牐爌rivate void Key_Press(object sender,

牐燬ystem.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs e)

牐爗

牐爐extBox1.Text = "";

牐爈abel2.Text = "";

牐爏tring keyId = e.KeyCode.ToString();

牐爏witch (keyId)//判断是否按下方向键

牐爗

牐燾ase "Right":

牐爈abel3.Text = "";

牐營Events id1 = new EventClass1(); //实例化一个接口

牐爄d1.event1 += new dele(EventFired1);//定义EventClass1中的事件响应方法

牐爄d1.FireEvent();//调用EventClass1中的FireEvent方法,触发event1 事件,事件调用EventFired1方法

牐燽reak;

牐燾ase "Left":

牐爈abel3.Text = "";

牐營Events id2 = new EventClass2();

牐爄d2.event1 += new

牐燿ele(EventFired2);

牐爄d2.FireEvent();

牐燽reak;

牐燾ase "Down":

牐爈abel3.Text = "";

牐營Events id3 = new EventClass3();

牐爄d3.event1 += new

牐燿ele(EventFired3);

牐爄d3.FireEvent();

牐燽reak;

牐燾ase "Up":

牐爈abel3.Text = "";

牐營Events id4 = new EventClass4();

牐爄d4.event1 += new

牐燿ele(EventFired4);

牐爄d4.FireEvent();

牐燽reak;

牐燿efault:

牐爈abel3.Text = keyId;

牐燽reak;

牐爙

牐爙

牐//EventFired1方法

牐爌ublic void EventFired1()

牐爗

牐爈abel2.Text = "";

牐爈abel2.Text = "You pressed RIGHT arrow key";

牐爙

牐爌ublic void EventFired2()

牐爗

牐爈abel2.Text = "";

牐爈abel2.Text = "You pressed LEFT arrow key";

牐爙

牐爌ublic void EventFired3()

牐爗

牐爈abel2.Text = "";

牐爈abel2.Text = "You pressed DOWN arrow key";

牐爙

牐爌ublic void EventFired4()

牐爗

牐爈abel2.Text = "";

牐爈abel2.Text = "You pressed UP arrow key";

牐爙

 

牐爌rivate void button1_Click(object sender,

牐燬ystem.EventArgs e)

牐爗

牐燗pplication.Exit();

牐爙

牐爙

牐爌ublic class EventClass1 : IEvents

牐爗

牐爌ublic event dele event1;

牐爌ublic void FireEvent()

牐爗

牐爀vent1();

牐爙

牐爙

牐爌ublic class EventClass2 : IEvents

牐爗

牐爌ublic event dele event1;

牐爌ublic void FireEvent()

牐爗

牐爀vent1();

牐爙

牐爙

牐爌ublic class EventClass3 : IEvents

牐爗

牐爌ublic event dele event1;

牐爌ublic void FireEvent()

牐爗

牐爀vent1();

牐爙

牐爙

牐爌ublic class EventClass4 : IEvents//EventClass1继承接口IEvents

牐爗

牐爌ublic event dele event1;//定义事件成员event1

牐//当事件发生时

牐爌ublic void FireEvent()

牐爗

牐爀vent1();//调用事件处理

牐爙

牐爙

 

牐爙